Nowadays, the low-power long-range networks are required for the Internet of Things applications, in which devices can transmit data over long distances and consume low energy. Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) have emerged to focus on a group of …
Widely usage of LPWAN networks allows us to think about the further development of this technology, which develops networks to work not only with the star topology but also with a mesh topology. With such development, a procedure should be provided …
Nowadays, a group of low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) is one of the options providing the communication infrastructure for the Internet of Things applications. Most of LPWANs use a star topology model between end-nodes and a base station or a …